How Mainstream Canadian Newspapers Have Covered Climate Change Over The Past 10 Years

How Mainstream Canadian Newspapers Have Covered Climate Change Over The Past 10 Years

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PURPOSE:
The purpose of this assignment is to design and complete a content analysis research report.
AUDIENCE:
Imagine you are addressing an audience of Social Science experts; they expect you to write using a
formal tone and academic conventions.
GENRE/FORMAT:
A 1200-1600 word (excluding cover page and references) formally-written report that includes standard
Social Science sections (Abstract, Introduction/Lit Review, Methodology, Results/Analysis, Conclusion).
TOPIC:
There are three possible topics – you will choose one:
1. Climate change
RQ: How have mainstream Canadian newspapers covered climate change over the past 10 years?
2. Missing and murdered indigenous women
RQ: How have mainstream Canadian newspapers covered missing and murdered indigenous
women over the past 10 years?
3. Syrian refugees
RQ: How have mainstream Canadian newspapers covered Syrian refugees over the past 8 years?
FORMATTING REQUIREMENTS:
Your report must follow APA style guidelines and referencing rules:
 Typed in Times New Roman font size 12, double-spaced, with page numbers at the top right of
each page and a running head at the top left of each page.
 APA cover page: a descriptive title, your name, the date, our school, and a running head (top left),
and page number (top right).
 Proper APA in-text citation rules must be used each time you quote/paraphrase (including page
numbers). This applies to ALL SOURCES you use in the report. A minimum of 9 in-text
references (either for direct quotes or paraphrasing) are required.
 Each section in your report should have its title (Abstract, Results, References, etc.) centered on
the page in bold, no underline, only first letter in caps.
 You must include an APA style References section on a separate page at the end of the text that
includes all sources cited/paraphrased in your text (2 academic articles, and 5-8 newspaper
articles).
 Your report must be written using the referential style of writing (passive voice, past tense,
formal language). You, as the writer, must be “missing in action” (i.e. no “I” statements).

STEPS TO COMPLETE THE REPORT:
1. Background reading
 Download the academic article for your assigned topic (from LEA) and read the text (and take
notes!) to determine its key features (especially things like goal, RQ, hypothesis, method, results):
o For climate change: Young and Dugas’ “Representations of climate change in Canadian
national print media: The banalization of global warming”
o For missing and murdered indigenous women: Gilchrist’s “‘Newsworthy’ Victims?
Exploring differences in local Canadian press coverage of missing/murdered Aboriginal
and White women”
o For Syrian refugees: Tysskä, Blower, DeBoer, Kawai, and Walcott’s “The Syrian refugee
crisis in Canadian media”
 Find an additional academic article on your topic using the library databases or Google Scholar.
Save your article and read it to determine its key features (and don’t forget to take notes!).
2. Develop hypothesis
 After reading your two academic articles, write your own hypothesis in response to the assigned
research question. Consider what you now expect to find in your own content analysis, based on
what past research on your topic has found.
3. Data collection
 Use ProQuest database (on John Abbott library webpage) to find between 5 and 8 newspaper
articles on your topic from mainstream Canadian newspapers (The Globe and Mail, The Toronto
Start, The National Post, The Montreal Gazette, The Winnipeg Free Press, The Ottawa Citizen,
etc. If you’re in doubt about the legitimacy of a source, just ask!). Be sure to select articles from
different points in time within the assigned time frame. Save your chosen articles.
4. Create coding system
 Develop a coding system that can be used for all of your newspaper articles. Your coding system
is what will allow you to operationalize and test your hypothesis.
 Be sure that your coding system minimally includes the following: date of coding, name of
newspaper, article title, date of publication, author, space for each manifest element that is being
coded, space to write about latent themes. (Be sure to code both manifest and latent content!)
 One blank coding sheet must be attached to the final report as an appendix.
5. Complete coding
 How to code? Track manifest instances in your predetermined coding categories as you read each
newspaper article, and make latent observations (the latent part may happen after you read). Keep
track of the ways in which your articles support or refute your hypothesis.
 Use a separate coding sheet for each newspaper article. All completed coding sheets must be
attached to the final report as an appendix.
6. Analyze results
 Compare and contrast your completed code sheets for your 5-8 newspaper articles. Notice what
they have in common, and the ways in which they differ.
7. Write report
 See next page for exactly what to include in each section of your final report.

WRITING THE REPORT – THE NITTY-GRITTY DETAILS:
Cover page
Must include a running head and page number in the header. In the body of the page, include a descriptive
title for the report, your name, the date, and John Abbott College. These items (in the body) should be
centered on the page, in Times New Roman font size 12.
Abstract (1 paragraph)
On its own separate page, the Abstract is a 50-100 word overview of the entire report. Identify the topic
of the report, the hypothesis, a quick overview of your methodology, and the results, including whether
your hypothesis was supported by your research or not. Write this last.
Introduction and Literature Review (2-3 paragraphs)
Begin by introducing your topic and identifying your assigned research question. Then provide a short
discussion of the main findings and explanations presented in the literature you reviewed (i.e., the
assigned academic article and the one additional academic article you found) insofar as it relates to your
research question and hypothesis. This discussion should be synthesized; think of it as a “mini lit review.”
Cite any direct quotes or paraphrasing using APA-style in-text citation rules. A minimum of four in-text
citations are required in this section. State your own hypothesis in the final sentence of this section.
Methodology (2-3 short paragraphs)
Describe how you conducted your research, and explain why you did things in the way that you did.
Explain how you found your newspaper articles, developed your code sheet, and coded each newspaper
article. Comment on the strengths and the limitations of the method you used. Raise any relevant ethical
concerns or considerations you noticed along the way.
Results/Analysis (3-6 paragraphs; depends on number of themes analyzed, but should be longest section)
Describe your results. Identify major themes you noticed in the newspaper articles and use specific
examples from your coding analysis to support your explanations. Be sure to use both manifest and latent
coding elements in your discussion here. A minimum of five in-text citations are required in this section
(from the five newspaper articles you coded).
Conclusion (1-2 paragraphs)
Reflect on what you accomplished and the implications of your findings. Do your results support the
findings in the two academic articles you presented in your Intro/Lit Review? Was your hypothesis
supported by your own content analysis? What suggestions do you have for future research on this topic?
References
APA style formatted list of all sources consulted in the report (including academic articles and newspaper
articles), on its own page.
Appendix
Include one blank code sheet and all completed coding sheets as an appendix.

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