of 45 Hormones regulate __________. growth reproduction w

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of 45 Hormones regulate __________. growth reproduction water balance metabolism all of the above 2 of 45 The function of the sphincter at the downstream end of the stomach is to __________. retain acid chime in the stomach until pepsin digestion is complete release bile into the duodenum when chime is present release pancreatic secretions into the duodenum when chime is present release bile and pancreatic secretions into the duodenum when chime is present release acid chime into the duodenum in periodic squirts 3 of 45 Which of the following best describes the relationship of insulin to glucagon? They work together to prepare the body to deal with stress. Insulin stimulates the pancreas to secrete glucagon. High levels of insulin inhibit pancreatic secretion of glucagon. They are antagonistic hormones. Insulin is a steroid hormone; glucagon is a protein hormone. 4 of 45 Maintaining the volume and composition of body fluids is the direct responsibility of which of the following systems? integumentary immune digestive urinary respiratory 5 of 45 In vitro fertilization __________. can be used to select the sex of an embryo permits the screening of embryos for genetic defects can use eggs that have been frozen all of the above none of the above 6 of 45 Antibodies __________. are shaped like the letter B are generalists in that any antibody can bind to any antigen consist of three polypeptide chains assist in destroying particular antigens All of the above are true 7 of 45 Which of the following is one of the body’s first lines of defense against infection? a group of nonspecific antibodies several nonspecific amino acid toxins several nonspecific obstacles such as skin and mucous membranes increased production of certain hormones and changes in the blood circulation an increasing in the breathing rate 8 of 45 A vasectomy __________. prevents the production of sperm in the testes prevents the production of semen prevents the movement of sperm into the urethra prevents a man from having an erection is an effective method to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases 9 of 45 The appendix bone marrow thymus and spleen are all parts of the ______ system. immune circulatory excretory renal digestive 0 of 45 Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body? nervous blood epithelial connective muscle 1 of 45 Why do diseases involving widespread infection usually result in a fever? The rapid multiplication of the invading microorganisms results in extra heat production. The inflammatory and immune responses result in extra heat production. The invading microorganisms trick the brain’s temperature control center into raising the temperature so they can grow better. The brain’s temperature control center responds to inflammation by creating a hot environment unfavorable to microorganisms. Fevers insure that you will stay in bed longer so that your body can recover from the illness. 2 of 45 When the wall of the stomach fails to protect itself from erosion by gastric juice the result is __________. heartburn reverse peristalsis a duodenal ulcer nausea a gastric ulcer 3 of 45 Most of the oxygen in the blood is transported by __________. platelets plasma platelets hemoglobin serotonin 4 of 45 What is the main function of connective tissue? support movement protection response to stimuli covering 5 of 45 Which of the following organs is NOT in the abdominal cavity? stomach liver intestine appendix heart 6 of 45 Temperature regulation hormone distribution and exchanging nutrients and wastes with the interstitial fluid are all functions of the __ system. respiratory digestive immune circulatory nervous 7 of 45 Most nutrient absorption occurs in which part of the digestive system? stomach liver pancreas small intestine large intestine 8 of 45 What are the four fundamental types of body tissues? connective cardiac nervous and adipose tissue. connective epithelial nervous and muscle tissue. epithelial hormonal cellular and bone tissue. epitheli al glandular muscle and nervous tissue. connective neurons muscle and cartilage tissue. 9 of 45 Homeostasis _______________. is the maintenance of a constant internal state only comes into play when you are ill is a pathological condition is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment is the way the internal environment influences the external environment 20 of 45 When you cut yourself the damaged cells immediately release which of the following chemical alarm signals? interferon complement histamine pyrogens anti-interferon 21 of 45 The four stages of food processing are in order: ingestion absorption elimination digestion ingestion elimination digestion absorption ingestion digestion absorption elimination digestion absorption ingestion elimination elimination absorption digestion ingestion 22 of 45 All veins carry __________. blood toward the heart interstitial fluid blood away from the heart oxygen-rich blood oxygen-poor blood 23 of 45 Once an action potential is triggered the first major chemical change is __________. a reversal of the membrane polarity with the interior of the cell becoming positive a reversal of the membrane polarity with the interior of the cell becoming negative an increase in the negative charge inside the neuron an increase in the positive charge inside the neuron propagation of an impulse 24 of 45 White blood cells play a particularly important role in __________. carrying oxygen carrying carbon dioxide blood clotting hemoglobin transport fighting infections 25 of 45 Which one of the following types of tissue stores fat in the body? blood cartilage bone adipose fibrous connective tissue 26 of 45 The basic structural and functional part of the kidney is the __________. Bowman’s capsule nephron glomerulus urinary bladder ascending aorta 27 of 45 Why are human testes located in an external sac rather than in the abdominal cavity? to shorten the distance that semen must travel during ejaculation to shorten the distance that sperm must swim during insemination so the testes can be kept at a constant temperature so the testes can be kept cooler than the body’s interior so the testes can enlarge at sexual maturity 28 of 45 In a human male reproductive system: a circumcision removes a portion of the scrotum. the vas deferens conducts sperm between the testis and epididymis. the sperm travel through the urethra during ejaculation. sperm mature in the prostate gland. sperm are produced in the bladder and released through the scrotum. 29 of 45 In the human respiratory system gas exchange occurs across the cells of the _____. diaphragm trachea bronchi pharynx alveoli 30 of 45 The correct term to describe the production of the human sperm is __________. spermogenerator oogenesis spermatogenesis sperm-production gametogeneric 31 of 45 Outnumbering neurons by up to 50 to 1 which cells protect insulate and reinforce neurons? sensory cells motor cells axon cells satellite cells supporting cells 32 of 45 Trace the path of a red blood cell in a circuit that takes it from the capillary bed of the right kidney to the capillary bed of the left kidney. capillary bed of right kidney.venules.veins.right atrium.right ventricle.pulmonary arteries.capillaries of lungs.pulmonary veins.left atrium.left ventricle.aorta.arteries.arterioles. capillary bed of left kidney capillary bed of right kidney.venules.veins.right atrium.right ventricle. pulmonary veins.capillaries of lungs.pulmonary arteries.left atrium.left ventricle..aorta.arteries.arterioles.capillary bed of left kidney capillary bed of right kidney.venules.v eins..left atrium.left ventricle. pulmonary arteries.capillaries of lungs.pulmonary veins.right atrium. right ventricle.aorta.arteries..arterioles.capillary bed of left kidney capillary bed of right kidney.arterioles.arteries.aorta.right atrium.right ventricle.pulmonary arteries.capillaries of lungs.pulmonary veins.left atrium .left ventricle.veins.venules.capillary bed of left kidney capillary bed of right kidney.venules.veins.left atrium.left ventricle. pulmonary veins.capillaries of lungs.pulmonary arteries.right atrium. right ventricle.aorta.arteries.arterioles.capillary bed of left kidney 33 of 45 A vaccine contains __________. a killed pathogen weakened pathogen non-infective fragments of a pathogen all of the above may be used in a vaccine Vaccines only contain genetically-modified virus particles 34 of 45 Which of the following organs of the digestive system is different from the other four because it does NOT produce any secretions that aid in the digestive process? stomach liver esophagus pancreas Important secretions are released by all of the above organs. 35 of 45 Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the human female? She produces all the eggs that she ever will before she is born. She will normally produce more gametes than her male counterpart. It is possible that more than one egg will be released at ovulation. The process of meiosis may take 30 to 50 years to complete. The ovary is the primary reproductive organ. 36 of 45 What are the two main divisions of the skeletal system? cranial and axial vertebral and appendicular appendicular and axial axial and articular articular and cranial 37 of 45 What moves the human egg through the oviduct? the beating of the egg’s cilia the beating of the egg’s flagella rhythmic contractions of the oviduct rhythmic contractions of the uterus the beating of cilia in the oviduct 38 of 45 When you examine fluid that you have drawn from a blood vessel you find that it is relatively high in carbon dioxide and waste products. Assuming that the fluid comes from a healthy individual you conclude that the blood vessel from which you have drawn the blood could have been __________. a venule an artery an arteriole the aorta either an artery or an arteriole 39 of 45 Which of the following is a junction between two neurons? Schwann cell Chemical synapse Node of Ranvier Sodium gate Polarity space 40 of 45 Which of the following is a major category of animal tissue? epithelial plasma bone cardiac neurons 41 of 45 When you hold your breath which of the following blood gas changes leads initially to the urge to breathe again? rising oxygen level rising carbon dioxide level falling oxygen level falling carbon dioxide level both rising carbon dioxide level and falling oxygen levels 42 of 45 Which of the following carry incoming messages toward the cell body of a neuron? axons dendrites actin filaments myosin filaments supporting cells 43 of 45 Which of the following is true of a typical skeletal muscle? Contraction is involuntary. It is found in the walls of organs such as the digestive tract. Its fibers do not have a striped appearance under the microscope. It can be enlarged by exercise. It is only found in heart tissue. 44 of 45 Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the bloodstream __________. because the concentration of oxygen is greater in alveoli than in the blood mainly due to the activity of carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cells because there is more oxygen in the blood than in the bloodstream through active transport through the cell membrane to escape from the body as a waste product 45 of 45 Animals need oxygen because it __________. plays a role in obtaining energy from food counterbalances the CO2 in the atmosphere helps animals synthesize proteins is necessary to make CO2 is needed to deliver hemoglobin to all the cells in the body

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