Why The Rate Law Would Change At Higher Pressures
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Background
Ammonia (NH3) has a bit of an identity crisis. It can be extremely valuable
and beneficial as a feedstock for fertilizer, a disinfectant, or a base for plastics and
explosives. It can also be horrific- toxic, necrotic, and corrosive (fun fact: it chews
away at the aluminum or silver on mirrors, which is why old mirrors often have
black rings at the edges or missing flakes).
It has been suggested that ammonia could also be a source of hydrogen gas
for use in fuel cells. But this requires breaking it down on a massive scale, which
means understanding the kinetics of ammonia’s conversion to H2 and N2 is critical.
The scenario
The conversion of ammonia to hydrogen and nitrogen is not very efficient,
even though it’s only weakly endothermic (~11 kJ/mol). The addition of a solid
metal catalyst can speed up the reaction.
The rate law for the decomposition of ammonia is expected to be zero order
with these metals at relatively low pressure and high temperatures. For example,
on solid platinum the rate law is Rate = k[NH3]0 = k.
As the total pressure increases, however, the reaction kinetics change. At
high pressure, the law becomes Rate = k[NH3][H2]-1 (or Rate = k*[NH3]/[H2]).
Using your chemical knowledge, explain and/or demonstrate
what the rate laws tell you about the chemistry
why the rate law would change at higher pressures
the role of the catalyst in the different rate law
how you could increase the reaction rate n this scenario
Suggestions
This is the first analysis, so it’s fair to give some suggestions and pointers:
Clearly show that you understand the problem. This is the setup- diagrams,
drawings, equations, etc.
Identify relevant chemistry, including current and previous concepts.
Explain how each concept applies to the given situation.
Reach a conclusion- a solution, explanation, etc- and justify it- why it works,
how the chemistry concepts support it, etc.
Accurate chemistry- correct use of terminology, identifies relevant and
important features, does not contradict theory, etc.
1-2 pages of relevant material, labeled, organized material. That includes
text, diagrams, etc. It does not include headers or unnecessarily large
spacing or pictures that take up huge amounts of room and leave out text.
Professional presentation- correct use of superscripts and subscripts in
reactions, organization and labeling, etc.
Refer to the explanations and details on the Canvas page and in the syllabus.
Remember- 100% of the evaluation is based on the quality of the analysis.
There are many correct ways to analyze this. The exact conclusion reached is
less relevant than the chemical knowledge you demonstrate in your writing
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