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Psychology 320 Exam 2
Take home
Assigned: 10/30/20 
Due: 11/10/20 at 11:59 pm (upload to d2l)
Professor Arbuckle
25 points
Psychology 320 Exam 2
- You are not allowed to work on this with anyone else.
- NO DIRECT QUOTES. Everything should be in your own words.
- You are encouraged to use notes and assigned readings for this exam. If you use any outside sources, you need to cite them, and remember that they could be wrong.
- Please read and answer all parts of the questions. Let me know if the directions aren’t clear or you’re not sure what the question is asking.
- The exam is worth 25 points, so you have to answer all of the questions.
Psychology 320 Exam 2
- You are graded on content, not writing. Nevertheless, make sure your answer is understandable.
- Upload this to D2L by the date listed. If you have any issues with that, let me know as soon as you can.
- The exam is the same whether you are online-only or in-person.
- Be as specific as you can be. Make sure that when I read your answers, I know that you know what you’re talking about.
Psychology 320 Exam 2
GOOD LUCK!
- When moving to a new country, most people first feel a sense of excitement and wonder. How are they most likely to feel when those positive feelings wear off? (1 point)
- Someone moving to the US after having grown up in Chile is likely to struggle to adapt to the US more than someone moving to the US after having grown up in Canada. This is best seen as an example of ____________________. (1 point)
- A recent study found that ________________prefer entertainment that creates conflicting responses (e.g., feeling positive and negative, laughing and crying). (1 point)
- Colleges, including Canisius, are especially mindful of the struggles of first-generation college students. (2 points)
a). First, based on research from Stephens et al on cultural fit, briefly describe the issues first-generation college students may have with adjusting to college.
b). Next, make a recommendation for what colleges should do to try and accommodate first-generation college students to alleviate the issues you identified in part a of this question Psychology 320 Exam 2
- The United States incarcerates the most absolute number of people in the world (over 2 million, vs ~1.5 million for China), as well as the most people per capita (~720 per 100,000 in the US, vs ~580 per 100,000 in Russia). This tendency the US has for mass incarceration might be explained with the fundamental attribution error. (2 points)
a). First, explain the fundamental attribution error (in your own words).
b). Apply the fundamental attribution error to the United States’ unique tendency toward mass incarceration.
- Based on research on the Big Five personality traits across regions of the U.S. (by Rentfrow), would you expect to see differences in aggression in different regions of the US? (2 points)
a). Based on Rentfrow’s research, what differences would you expect in aggression across regions of the US? Justify your answer.
b). Research on culture of honor suggests that the south is the most aggressive region. Does this fit with your answer in part a of this question above? If not, how might this contradiction be resolved
- Pam, an office worker from Pennsylvania, showed up to work (in the United States). wearing a Halloween costume, only to find that no one else was dressed up for Halloween. (2 points
a). How would you expect Pam to emotionally react to this, and why?
b). How would you expect her to react if she were from (and in) an interdependent culture?
- Suppose you said at the first of the semester that you would never miss an assignment, but you’ve missed the first one. (2 points)
a). First, use the concept of cognitive dissonance to explain how you might react if I were to point out this discrepancy to you.
b). Then, state how differences in culture might affect this reaction
- Consider the question, ‘is a hot dog a sandwich?’ First, explain how someone would answer this question using rule-based reasoning, and why. Next, explain how someone would answer this question using associative-based reasoning, and why. (2 points)
a). How would this question be answered using rule-based reasoning, and why?
b). How would this question be answered using associative-based reasoning, and why?
- Theory and research on the protestant work ethic suggests that Protestantism is linked to financial success. (2 points)
a). Briefly explain this link. What is it, and what research/data supports it? Be specific.
b). Do you think the PESH outcomes varying by US region (from the Rentfrow et al paper on state level differences in personality) support this link between Protestantism and financial success? Justify your answer
- The spread of COVID-19 (Coronavirus) has led to many changes throughout society, with more to come. I want you to apply some concept from this course to cultural changes that are happening or are likely to happen.
a). Describe a cultural change due to COVID-19 (Coronavirus).
b). Apply a concept from this course to that relates to what you described in part ‘a’ above.
- Those from independent cultures tend to desire high self-esteem. (3 points)
a). First, list and describe one self-serving bias that someone from an independent culture might use to boost self-esteem.
b). Then, describe the concept of face and contrast it with self-esteem.
c). Finally, discuss how face vs. self-esteem relate to promotion or prevention focus.
Psychology 320 Exam 2
- Most people assume ‘collectivistic’ cultures are high in conformity, and individualistic cultures are low in conformity. However, the relationship between culture and conformity is more complicated. (3 points)
a). First, how do we know that individualistic cultures are willing to engage in a high degree of conformity?
b). Second, explain the circumstances under which individualistic cultures are more likely to conform to others than collectivistic cultures
c). Finally, explain the circumstances under which collectivistic cultures are more likely to conform to others than individualistic cultures.
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