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Professor | SOCI 2340 | Spring 2022 | Exam #1
InstructionsThis exam is open-book and is designed to test your understanding of course materials. You are not to collaborate with other students on this exam; this includes asking classmates for clarification. You are welcome to come to class on for a student-led review session (meaning students bring in questions about class materials).
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Multiple Choice (25 points)Five questions worth 5 points each. Please bold or highlight the correct answer.
1. According to lecture, which of the following statements is true?a. The fundamental disagreement between Myrdal and Cox was how to best define structural racismb. Historically, the one-drop rule applied to both African Americans and Native Americans, meaning any amount of non-White “blood” resulted in immediate membership into those groupsc. Miles’ idea that race is a mirage refers to the tendency of scholars to focus on categories of race, as opposed to the real outcomes that emerge from those categorizationsd. Theories of assimilation tend to agree that racism is foundational to the United Statese. Intersectionality is concerned with multiple identities, as opposed to structures
2. Regarding the multiple dimensions of race, which statement is true?a. Skin tone is the only objective, reliable indicator of raceb. Ancestry is the only objective, reliable indicator of racec. Others’ observations of our race do not shape how we identify ourselvesd. Observed race will vary—even for the same person—depending on who is observinge. A person’s racial identity and racial self-classification will always match
3. According to class materials, which of the following statements is true?a. Controlling images of people of color did not emerge until the 1960s, following the legal and social gains of the erab. The culture of poverty thesis is often used to minimize the role of structure in how poverty in urban areas is reproducedc. Reproductive justice for Native American women includes redefining blood quantumd. The “cool pose” among Black male youth reflects a core component of these men’s inner selvese. Scientists of the colonial era found consistent evidence of differences in reproductive functioning between Black and White women
4. According to class materials, which of the following statements is false?a. Ethnicity is a social construct because ethnic identity itself is fluid across time, depending on one’s opportunities to practice their cultureb. The “looking glass self” and the “double consciousness” are similar concepts, except that the double consciousness is formed in direct relation to living as a racialized Otherc. Non-Native students can expect Native Americans students to speak on behalf on their entire group, but still question the legitimacy of those experiencesd. Race and class exist as independent categories of stratification, and quantitative studies show us the distinct “racial effect” that groups’ identities have on their life outcomese. A comprehensive theory of race would include analyses of structural, cultural, and micro-level dimensions
5. According to class materials, which of the following statements is false?a. The “Indian Problem” involved interventions aimed at children’s education and cultural socializationb. To say race is a social construct is to say that differences in skin tone, hair texture, or facial features change over time and across placec. Slave codes included gender-specific dimensions around what legally constituted sexual violence, which had a disproportionate impact on Black womend. Colorism offers one explanation for assimilation rates, especially martial assimilatione. The long-term consequences of colonization are part of how sociologists explain contemporary health disparities between racial groups
Short Answers (75 points)Three questions worth 25 points each. Answers need to be a minimum of 3 paragraphs.You do not need an “introduction” or “conclusion,” nor do you need to restate the question in your answer – simply jump right in!For each short answer, you must draw from lecture notes and at least two class readings. You may use the same reading more than once if you find that it offers compelling evidence for your argument. You may paraphrase readings or use direct quotes, but these quotes should not be longer than 2 sentences each.– To reference lecture, simply put (Week X lecture) in parentheses following information/ideas you pulled from lecture– To reference a reading, simply put (Author Last name) in parentheses following information/ideas from that reading– You do not need a works cited page or bibliographyRemember that whether you personally found the materials compelling, touching, or frustrating, is not what these questions are assessing. Likewise, to what extent you can connect these questions to your own life or observations is also not the point of this exam. Focus on showing me that you understand what you learned from lectures and readings.
1. Native American and Black American racialization. Using evidence from the lecture and two readings from the semester so far, describe how:a. The law has shaped the construction of these groups as distinct from Whites, ANDb. Pseudoscience provided legitimization of these groups as distinct and inferior “races”
2. Key Concepts. Consider the following statement: “Racism is about judging people based on their skin color.” Using evidence from lecture and any two readings from the class so far, explaina. How this statement is partly correct, ANDb. How this statement is also partly incorrect
3. Theory Application. Intersectionality posits that systems of domination are interlocking and co-construct one another. For this short answer, consider what you have learned about Native Americans and Black Americans (from lecture and at least two readings from the class so far), and:a. Discuss a historical example of how racism and economic exploitation intersect.b. Then, discuss a contemporary example of how racism and gender oppression intersect.
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