1.Refer to the “Visual Learner: Statistics” for examples to help complete the problems in the “Topic 5: Correlation/Regression and Chi Square Excel Worksheet.” Also, to aide in the Excel calculations, view the appropriate section of the Excel tutorials. Answer each question completely in the Excel worksheet provided.
2.Complete Exercise 23 and 24 in Statistics for Health Care Research: A Practical Workbook.
In order to receive full credit on calculated answers, please show your work. (Use Word’s equation editor, etc., and/or provides a short written description as to how you obtained the final result.) Exercise 24 includes 10 questions and a bonus question. Answer all questions including the bonus question.
SYS DIAS A: place correlation table here104 61 SYS DIAS99 64 SYS102 65 DIAS114 7694 58101 66 B: place regression equation table here108 61 SUMMARY OUTPUT104 41123 72 Regression Statistics93 61 Multiple R89 56 R Square112 62 Adjusted R Square107 48 Standard Error116 62 Observations181 10298 61 ANOVA100 53 df SS MS F Significance F127 74 Regression107 67 Residual116 71 Total97 64155 85 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95%106 59 Intercept110 70 SYS105 69118 82133 83113 75113 66 C: Predicted diastolic pressure107 6795 59108 72114 79104 73125 73124 8592 46119 8193 64106 64Week 5 Workbook Exercises 23 & 24To answer a question, please click on “Choose an item” and on the drop-down arrow and choose an answer. Here is a resulting drop-down list:
If it is not working, you can enter your answers to the table at the end of the file.
Exercise 23: Questions to be Graded1. What is the r value for the relationship between Hamstring strength index 60°/s and the Shuttle run test?A. -0.149B. -0.124C. 0.247D. 0.342Answer: Choose an item.
Is this r value significant? Provide a rationale for your answer.A. Yes. p-value<0.05.B. No. p-value =0.05.Answer: Choose an item.
2. Consider r = 1.00 and r = –1.00. Which r value is stronger? Provide a rationale for your answer.A. First one is stronger, because it is positive.B. Neither is stronger. Both are the strongest linear relationship.Answer: Choose an item.3. Describe the direction of the relationship between the Hamstring strength index 60°/s and the Shuttle run test.A. It is positive.B. It is negative, but not statistically significant.Answer: Choose an item.4. Without using numbers, describe the relationship between the Hamstring strength index 120°/s and the Triple hop index.A. There is a statistically significantly positive, strong relationship.B. There is no statistically significant relationship between them.Answer: Choose an item.5. Which variable has the weakest relationship with the Quadriceps strength index 120°/s?A. Hop indexB. Triple hop indexC. Shuttle run testD. Side step testAnswer: Choose an item.
Provide a rationale for your answer.A. Its absolute value is closer to 0.B. It is positive.C. It is negative.Answer: Choose an item.
6. Which of the following sets of variables has the strongest relationship?A. Hamstring strength index 120°/s and the Hop indexB. Quadriceps strength index 60°/s and the Carioca testC. Quadriceps strength index 120°/s and the Side step testD. Quadriceps strength index 60°/s and the Triple hop indexAnswer: Choose an item.
7. In Table 5, two r values are reported as r = –0.498 and r = –0.528 (Shuttle run test or Side step test with first quadricepts strength index 60/s)A. There was as negative linear relationship for the studied variables.B. There was positive linear relationship for the studies variables.Answer: Choose an item.Indicate which would be more statistically significant, and provide a rationale for your answer.A. -0.498 would be more statistically significant, because p=0.004.B. -0.528 would be, because p=0.002.Answer: Choose an item.8. The researchers stated that the study showed a positive, significant correlation between Quadriceps strength indices and pre- and postoperative functional stability. Considering the data presented in the Table 5, do you agree with their statement? Provide a rationale for your answer.A. Yes, I agree with their statement. The values of many r’s for the quadriceps index indicates a statistically significant relationship between pre and post-op functional stability.B. No. The table only show the relationship between strength indices and function after surgery.Answer: Choose an item.
9. The researchers stated that no significant relationship could be described between Hamstring strength indices 60°/s and functional stability. Given the data in Table 5, explain why not.A. No p-values are<0.05.B. Some p-value is less than 0.05.Answer: Choose an item.
10. Consider the relationship reported for the Quadriceps strength index 120°/s and the Hop index (r = 0.744**, p = 0.000). What do these r and p values indicate related to statistical significance and clinical importance?A. The linear relationship is of statistical significance, and maybe of clinical importance.B. The linear relationship is neither of statistical significance, nor of clinical importance.Answer: Choose an item.
Exercise 241. What is the r value listed for the relationship between variables 4 and 9?A. -0.45B. -0.32C. -0.22D. 0.74Answer: Choose an item.2. Describe the correlation r = –0.32** using words. Is this a statistically significant correlation? Provide a rationale for your answer.A. It is a statistically significant moderate inverse linear relationship, because p<0.01.B. It is a strong but not statistically significant relationship, because it has two starts.Answer: Choose an item.
3. Calculate the percentage of variance explained for r = 0.53. Is this correlation clinically important? Provide a rationale for your answer.A. 15 percent.B. 28 percent.C. 53 percent.D. 75 percent.Answer: Choose an item.
Is this correlation clinically important?A. Yes, because r>=0.3 and it is significant.B. No, because r is too small.Answer: Choose an item.
4. According to Table 2, r = 0.15 is listed as the correlation between which two items? Describe this relationship. Answer: Variable 3 and variable 7. It is positive but not significant.A. True.B. False.Answer: Choose an item.
What is the effect size for this relationship, and what size sample would be needed to detect this relationship in future studies?A. Effect size is the same as r. Sample size needs to be larger and calculated.B. The effect size is unknown, and sample size should remain the same.Answer: Choose an item.
5. Calculate the percentage of variance explained for r = 0.15. Describe the clinical importance of this relationship.A. 1.5 percentB. 2.25 percentC. 15 percentD. 22.5 percentAnswer: Choose an item.
6. Which two variables in Table 2, have the weakest correlation, or r value? Which relationship is the closest to this r value? Provide a rationale for your answer. Answer: Variables 6 and 7. They are very close to 0.A. TrueB. FalseAnswer: Choose an item.
7. Is the correlation between LOT-R Total scores and Avoidance-Distraction coping style statistically significant? Is this relationship relevant to practice? Provide rationales for your answers.A. Yes, but not practically important, because p<0.05 and r squared < 9%.B. No, but practically important, because p>0.05 and r squared > 9%.Answer: Choose an item.8. Is the correlation between variables 9 and 4 significant? Is this correlation relevant to practice? Provide a rationale for your answer.A. Yes. Because p<0.01 and r squared > 9%.B. No. Because p>0.01 and r squared < 9%Answer: Choose an item.
9. Consider two values, r = 0.08 and r = –0.58. Describe them in relationship to each other. Describe the clinical importance of both r values.Do you agree: the first one is weak, the second is moderate, but negative. The first one is not clinically important. The second is of importance because its squared value is > 9 percent.A. Yes.B. No.Answer: Choose an item.
10. Examine the Pearson r values for LOT-R Total, which measured Optimism with the Task and Emotion Coping Styles. What do these results indicate? How might you use this information in your practice?It has a strong positive relationship with variable 3, strong negative relationship with variable 4.A. Yes.B. No.Answer: Choose an item.
Strong and significant relationship with variables 5 and 6 (positive and negative, respectively).A. Yes.B. No.Answer: Choose an item.
Moderate and significant relationship with variable 8 and 9. Positive coping styles related to variable 2 could be considered to achieve optimism.A. Yes.B. No.Answer: Choose an item.
BONUS QUESTIONOne of the study goals was to examine the relationship between optimism and psychopathology. Using the data in Table 2, formulate an opinion regarding the overall correlation between optimism and psychopathology. Provide a rationale for your answer.A. r=-0.72. It is statistically significant and strong. Higher optimism is related with lower psychopathology.B. r is between -0.59 and -0.72. It is statistically significant.Answer: Choose an item.GradingPlease do not make any changes for the following grading table unless you have a problem with the drop-down lists (then you can enter your answers in the second column). If you use the drop-down lists, the instructor will update your answers in the table. Thanks
Question Your answer Correct answer Possible points Your points23. 1 222 43 44 45 226 47 228 49 410 424. 1 42 43 224 225 46 47 48 49 410 1.331.331.34Bonus 4Total 84
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