The Kinds Of Female Bodies That Fulfill The Norms Of The Dominant Brazilian And Iranian Culture
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Choose and respond to two of the following prompts in essay form. Each essay will be 3-5 double-spaced pages
in length. Read the prompts carefully and write your essays in a comprehensive, clear, and concise manner. Be sure to ground your essays in the readings, quoting relevant passages and ethnographic details.
Prompt 1
James C. Scott teaches us that it’s more important to understand everyday forms of resistance by subordinate peoples than their occasional public revolutions against the dominant. We’ve studied such everyday forms of resistance as they take shape in the “oppositional cultures” of poor Afro-Brazilians and in the “culture of defiance” of young Tehranis in Iran. First, briefly explain what Scott means by ‘everyday forms of resistance’. Second, compare the cases of domination and resistance in Brazil and Iran: First, what is the dominant culture in each case and how does it subordinate poor Afro-Brazilians or young Tehranis? Second, how do each of these subordinated groups resist domination? Third, what are the roles of class, crime, and religion in these resistances?
Prompt 2
The body is a primary site through which people imagine and express their culture. Through our appearance, manners, desires, consumption, sexualities, and so forth, we embody our cultures in ordinary but pervasive ways. It is for this reason that dominant classes target people’s bodies – especially the bodies of women — and coerce them to conform to its dominant aesthetic. First describe and explain what kinds of female bodies fulfill the norms of the dominant Brazilian and Iranian cultures (for example, in terms of behaviors, appearances, desires, consumption habits, and sexualities): What are the values and meanings encoded in this dominant bodily aesthetics? Specifically, how does a ‘proper’ female body support and fulfill the dominant (aesthetic) ideology in Brazil’s sex-positive ‘racial democracy’ and the Islamic Republic of Iran? Second, how have poor Afro-Brazilian and young Tehrani women refused or resisted their domination through their bodies?
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