Discuss at least three of the operatic innovations of Richard Wagner.
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This examination is out of a total of 100 marks and consists of sixteen questions of which you must answer any FIVE of your choice. Each answer is worth 20 marks. Answers should be in prose (i.e., no point form). Since the exam is a take home and you will be able to consult your notes, class lecture notes, the text and any number of outside resources I will be looking for substantial answers. Cite all such outside resources in every case using whatever citation format you are used to.
1. Discuss at least three ways in which Romantic orchestras differed from orchestras of the Baroque period.
2. Discuss at least three of the operatic innovations of Richard Wagner.
3. Citing at least three relevant examples discuss the importance of personal expression in Romantic music.
4. Discuss at least three ways in which Romantic opera differed from opera in the Baroque period.
5. Compare and contrast the compositional style of the Second Viennese School with the compositional style of the Classical period.
6. Compare and contrast two compositions from the Romantic period that can be regarded as examples of “exoticism.”
7. Choose two composers (of any period) who are primarily thought of as “nationalist” composers. Citing specific examples from their work, discuss how their creative output exhibits “national” characteristics.
8. Citing relevant examples, discuss three “revolutionary” developments in “art” or “classical” music in the 20th century.
9. Compare and contrast at the least three aspects of minimalist music with corresponding features of serial music.
10. Some of the most important music of the 20th century was written for the ballet. Choose two examples and discuss some the factors that contribute to their significance as compositions.
11. Beethoven can be seen as a transitional figure from the Classical period to the Romantic. Citing examples, discuss some of the ways in which his music exhibits characteristics of both periods.
12. Discuss at least three of the effects that the Industrial Revolution had on European music.
13. Referring to at least two specific examples, discuss some of the ways in which the music of Chopin exhibits typically “Romantic” characteristics.
14. Discuss at least three of the ways in which the ballets of Stravinsky revolutionized music.
15. Discuss at least three ways in which Mussorgsky’s “Pictures at an Exhibition” is a “Romantic” composition.
16. Compare and contrast the use of the term “Impressionism” in the world of music and the world of visual art. Choose 5 from the 16 questions listed of your choice and make sure each answer is 1 page single spaced.
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