DNA-Genetically modified organisms

DNA-Genetically modified organisms

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QUESTION 1

1. Consider the chart below, which shows that a specific trait A is seen in the parents as well as the offspring.Which of the following statements is true about the trait?

   		There is no heritability.
   		There is weak heritability.
   		There is strong heritability.
   		Heritability cannot be determined from this chart.

   QUESTION 2

   1. What building blocks form a DNA molecule?

      		Amino acids
      		Nucleotides
      		Fatty acid chains
      		Polysaccharides

   3 points

   QUESTION 3

   1. Which of the following items is used to produce a DNA profile?

      		RNA polymerase
      		Punnett squares
      		Pedigree analysis
      		STRs

   3 points

   QUESTION 4

   1. Which type of molecule does the sequence of DNA in a gene encode?

      		Protein
      		Lipid
      		Monosaccharide
      		Nucleotide

   3 points

   QUESTION 5

   1. Match each word or phrase with its definition. Note that not all definitions will be used.

      –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Polygenic traits –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Quantitative traits –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Monozygotic twins –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Dizygotic twins –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Short tandem repeats –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Transcription –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Ribonucleic acid –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Mutation –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Stem cell –A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N. Reproductive cloning

      A. Thirteen DNA sequences that all humans carry B. Uses ribose as the sugar in the nucleotide C. Traits that involve the actions of many genes but also interact with the environment D. Replacing defective genes with functional genes E. Genetic engineering that exactly duplicates an organism F. Identical twins G. A cell that results from in vitro fertilization H. Making mRNA from DNA I. Fraternal twins J. Traits that are influenced by more than one gene K. Traits that have a lot of variance in a population L. A change in the DNA sequence M. A subconscious framework N. An undifferentiated cell that has not yet been programmed and can become any type of cell

   30 points

   QUESTION 6

   1. Place the Polymerase Chain Reaction events listed below in the order in which they occur.

      –1.2.3.4.5.

      Double-stranded DNA is produced

      –1.2.3.4.5.

      DNA sample is heated

      –1.2.3.4.5.

      Test tube with DNA sample is placed in machine

      –1.2.3.4.5.

      Taq polymerase initiates DNA synthesis

      –1.2.3.4.5.

      DNA denatures

   20 points

   QUESTION 7

   1. Place the events listed below in the correct chronological order for protein synthesis.

      –1.2.3.4.5.6.

      A protein is produced

      –1.2.3.4.5.6.

      Genome in nucleus

      –1.2.3.4.5.6.

      Ribosome adds an amino acid to a growing amino acid chain

      –1.2.3.4.5.6.

      Gene copied as mRNA

      –1.2.3.4.5.6.

      tRNA anticodon binds to mRNA codon

      –1.2.3.4.5.6.

      mRNA joins ribosome
   2. Which do you think has more influence on a person’s weight: genetics, upbringing, or the environment? Why do you think this is so? Is a person’s weight a single genetic trait, a qualitative trait, or a quantitative trait? Discuss and support your response with examples. Your answer must be at least 200 words in length.
   4. Describe the difference between artificial selection of organisms and genetically modifying organisms. Include examples that support your response.
      Your answer must be at least 75 words in length
   5. Describe the difference between artificial selection of organisms and genetically modifying organisms. Include examples that support your response.

      Your answer must be at least 75 words in length.

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